After completing the portraits of the believer, disbeliever, and hypocrite, the Quran now turns to address all of humanity with a direct call: O mankind, worship your Lord who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous. emphasizes that this address —O mankind— is the Qurans most universal call, encompassing every human being regardless of background or prior belief. The rational ground for worship is given immediately: Allah is your Creator, and the Creator of all who came before you. There is no basis for the human soul in any other ultimate loyalty. Worship (ibadah) here means total orientation of the self toward its Source.

— Reflection, TathirQuran reflection — pending scholarly review